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Can Propylene Glycol commonly found in Electronic Cigarette’s help fight pneumonia, influenza and other respiratory diseases?
Please note: liquid in an electronic cigarette primary ingredient is Propylene Glycol
Medicine: Air Germicide
Original link, Time,CNN http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,932876,00.html
Monday Nov. 16, 1942
A powerful preventive against pneumonia, influenza and other respiratory diseases may be promised by a brilliant series of experiments conducted during the last three years at the University of Chicago's Billings Hospital. Dr. Oswald Hope Robertson last week was making final tests with a new germicidal vapor—propylene glycol—to sterilize air.
If the results so far obtained are confirmed, one of the age-old searches of man will finally achieve its goal.
This venture gave promising results, but all such research lapsed for another decade. Within the last few years, several research groups (notably the University of Pennsylvania's new Air-Borne Disease Laboratories) again began testing various sprays. Many chemicals were found to kill airborne micro-organisms quickly, even in concentrations as low as one gram of chemical per 500 cu. ft. of air.
Trouble was that all these air germicides smelled bad, or were toxic, or irritated the respiratory tract. Dr. Robertson's propylene glycol vapor is odorless, tasteless, nontoxic, non-irritating, cheap, highly bactericidal.
Its discovery was accidental. Dr. Robertson and his colleagues were trying out another possible germicide—a detergent or "soapless soap" (similar to Dreft, Aerosol and other products widely sold for household and industrial use). Water solutions of the detergent were only mildly effective, so the researchers tried solutions of detergents in propylene glycol, which is a sort of thin glycerine.
Results were much better. Then the researchers found that the propylene glycol itself was a potent germicide. One part of glycol in 2,000,000 parts of air would—within a few seconds—kill concentrations of air-suspended pneumococci, streptococci and other bacteria numbering millions to the cubic foot.
How did it work? Respiratory disease bacteria float about in tiny droplets of water breathed, sneezed and coughed from human beings. The germicidal glycol also floats in infinitesimally small particles.
Calculations showed that if droplet had to hit droplet, it would take two to 200 hours for sterilization of sprayed air to take place. Since sterilization took place in seconds, Dr. Robertson concluded that the glycol droplets must give off gas molecules which dissolve in the water droplets and kill the germs within them.
Dr. Robertson placed groups of mice in a chamber and sprayed its air first with propylene glycol, then with influenza virus. All the mice lived. Then he sprayed the chamber with virus alone. All the mice died.
Propylene glycol is harmless to man when swallowed or injected into the veins. It is also harmless to mice who have breathed it for long periods. But medical science is cautious—there was still a remote chance that glycol might accumulate harmfully in the erect human lungs which, unlike those of mice, do not drain themselves.
So last June Dr. Robertson began studying the effect of glycol vapor on monkeys imported from the University of Puerto Rico's School of Tropical Medicine. So far, after many months' exposure to the vapor, the monkeys are happy and fatter than ever. Dr. Robertson does not expect mankind to live, like his monkeys, continuously in an atmosphere of glycol vapor; but it should be most valuable in such crowded places as schools and theaters, where most respiratory diseases are picked up.
Tests for the Chronic Toxicity of Propylene Glycol and Triethylene Glycol on Monkeys and Rats by Vapor Inhalation and Oral Administration
original link http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/91/1/52
O. H. ROBERTSON 1, CLAYTON G. LOOSLI 1, THEODORE T. PUCK 1, HENRY WISE 1, HENRY M. LEMON 1, and WILLIAM LESTER JR. 1
From the Department of Medicine, the Douglas Smith Foundation for Medical Research and the Bartlett Memorial Fund of the University of Chicago and the Commission on Air-Borne Infections, U. S. Army Epidemiological Board
With a view to determining the safety of employing the vapors of propylene glycol and triethylene glycol in atmospheres inhabited by human beings, monkeys and rats were exposed continuously to high concentrations of these vapors for periods of 12 to 18 months.
Equal numbers of control animals were maintained under physically similar conditions. Long term tests of the effects on ingesting triethylene glycol were also carried out. The doses administered represented 50 to 700 times the amount of glycol the animal could absorb by breathing air saturated with the glycol.
Comparative observations on the growth rates, blood counts, urine examinations, kidney function tests, fertility and general condition of the test and control groups, exhibited no essential differences between them with the exception that the rats in the glycol atmospheres exhibited consistently higher weight gains.
Some drying of the skin of the monkeys' faces occurred after several months continuous exposure to a heavy fog of triethylene glycol. However, when the vapor concentration was maintained just below saturation by means of the glycostat this effect did not occur.
Examination at autopsy likewise failed to reveal any differences between the animals kept in glycolized air and those living in the ordinary room atmosphere. Extensive histological study of the lungs was made to ascertain whether the glycol had produced any generalized or local irritation. None was found. The kidneys, liver, spleen and bone marrow also were normal.
The results of these experiments in conjunction with the absence of any observed ill effects in patients exposed to both triethylene glycol and propylene glycol vapors for months at a time, provide assurance that air containing these vapors in amounts up to the saturation point is completely harmless.
Submitted on June 4, 1947
* Acetanisole,
* Acetic Acid,
* Acetoin,
* Acetophenone,
* 6-Acetoxydihydrotheaspirane,
* 2-Acetyl-3- Ethylpyrazine,
* 2-Acetyl-5-Methylfuran,
* Acetylpyrazine,
* 2-Acetylpyridine,
* 3-Acetylpyridine,
* 2-Acetylthiazole,
* Aconitic Acid,
* dl-Alanine,
* Alfalfa Extract,
* Allspice Extract,
* Oleoresin,
* And Oil,
* Allyl Hexanoate,
* Allyl Ionone,
* Almond Bitter Oil,
* Ambergris Tincture,
* Ammonia,
* Ammonium Bicarbonate,
* Ammonium Hydroxide,
* Ammonium Phosphate Dibasic,
* Ammonium Sulfide,
* Amyl Alcohol,
* Amyl Butyrate,
* Amyl Formate,
* Amyl Octanoate,
* alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde,
* Amyris Oil,
* trans-Anethole,
* Angelica Root Extract, Oil and Seed Oil,
* Anise,
* Anise Star, Extract and Oils,
* Anisyl Acetate,
* Anisyl Alcohol,
* Anisyl Formate,
* Anisyl Phenylacetate,
* Apple Juice Concentrate, Extract, and Skins,
* Apricot Extract and Juice Concentrate,
* 1-Arginine,
* Asafetida Fluid Extract And Oil,
* Ascorbic Acid,
* 1-Asparagine Monohydrate,
* 1-Aspartic Acid,
* Balsam Peru and Oil,
* Basil Oil,
* Bay Leaf, Oil and Sweet Oil,
* Beeswax White,
* Beet Juice Concentrate,
* Benzaldehyde,
* Benzaldehyde Glyceryl Acetal,
* Benzoic Acid, Benzoin,
* Benzoin Resin,
* Benzophenone,
* Benzyl Alcohol,
* Benzyl Benzoate,
* Benzyl Butyrate,
* Benzyl Cinnamate,
* Benzyl Propionate,
* Benzyl Salicylate,
* Bergamot Oil,
* Bisabolene,
* Black Currant Buds Absolute,
* Borneol,
* Bornyl Acetate,
* Buchu Leaf Oil,
* 1,3-Butanediol,
* 2,3-Butanedione,
* 1-Butanol,
* 2-Butanone,
* 4(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-One,
* Butter, Butter Esters, and Butter Oil,
* Butyl Acetate,
* Butyl Butyrate,
* Butyl Butyryl Lactate,
* Butyl Isovalerate,
* Butyl Phenylacetate,
* Butyl Undecylenate,
* 3-Butylidenephthalide,
* Butyric Acid,
* Cadinene,
* Caffeine,
* Calcium Carbonate,
* Camphene,
* Cananga Oil,
* Capsicum Oleoresin,
* Caramel Color,
* Caraway Oil,
* Carbon Dioxide,
* Cardamom Oleoresin, Extract, Seed Oil, and Powder,
* Carob Bean and Extract,
* beta-Carotene,
* Carrot Oil,
* Carvacrol,
* 4-Carvomenthenol,
* 1-Carvone,
* beta-Caryophyllene,
* beta-Caryophyllene Oxide,
* Cascarilla Oil and Bark Extract,
* Cassia Bark Oil,
* Cassie Absolute and Oil,
* Castoreum Extract, Tincture and Absolute,
* Cedar Leaf Oil,
* Cedarwood Oil Terpenes and Virginiana,
* Cedrol,
* Celery Seed Extract, Solid, Oil, And Oleoresin,
* Cellulose Fiber,
* Chamomile Flower Oil And Extract,
* Chicory Extract,
* Chocolate,
* Cinnamaldehyde,
* Cinnamic Acid,
* Cinnamon Leaf Oil, Bark Oil, and Extract,
* Cinnamyl Acetate,
* Cinnamyl Alcohol,
* Cinnamyl Cinnamate,
* Cinnamyl Isovalerate,
* Cinnamyl Propionate,
* Citral,
* Citric Acid,
* Citronella Oil,
* dl-Citronellol,
* Citronellyl Butyrate,
* Citronellyl Isobutyrate,
* Civet Absolute,
* Clary Oil,
* Clover Tops, Red Solid Extract,
* Cocoa,
* Cocoa Shells, Extract, Distillate And Powder,
* Coconut Oil,
* Coffee,
* Cognac White and Green Oil,
* Copaiba Oil,
* Coriander Extract and Oil,
* Corn Oil,
* Corn Silk,
* Costus Root Oil,
* Cubeb Oil,
* Cuminaldehyde,
* para-Cymene,
* 1-Cysteine,
* Dandelion Root Solid Extract,
* Davana Oil,
* 2-trans, 4-trans-Decadienal,
* delta-Decalactone,
* gamma-Decalactone,
* Decanal,
* Decanoic Acid,
* 1-Decanol,
* 2-Decenal,
* Dehydromenthofurolactone,
* Diethyl Malonate,
* Diethyl Sebacate,
* 2,3-Diethylpyrazine,
* Dihydro Anethole,
* 5,7-Dihydro-2-Methylthieno(3,4-D) Pyrimidine,
* Dill Seed Oil and Extract,
* meta-Dimethoxybenzene,
* para-Dimethoxybenzene,
* 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol,
* Dimethyl Succinate,
* 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-Cyclopentanedione,
* 3,5- Dimethyl-1,2-Cyclopentanedione,
* 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene,
* 4,5-Dimethyl-3-Hydroxy-2,5-Dihydrofuran-2-One,
* 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-Undecadien-2-One,
* 3,7-Dimethyl-6-Octenoic Acid,
* 2,4-Dimethylacetophenone,
* alpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl Alcohol,
* alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl Acetate,
* alpha,alpha Dimethylphenethyl Butyrate,
* 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine,
* 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine,
* 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine,
* Dimethyltetrahydrobenzofuranone,
* delta-Dodecalactone,
* gamma-Dodecalactone,
* para-Ethoxybenzaldehyde,
* Ethyl 10-Undecenoate,
* Ethyl 2-Methylbutyrate,
* Ethyl Acetate,
* Ethyl Acetoacetate,
* Ethyl Alcohol,
* Ethyl Benzoate,
* Ethyl Butyrate,
* Ethyl Cinnamate,
* Ethyl Decanoate,
* Ethyl Fenchol,
* Ethyl Furoate,
* Ethyl Heptanoate,
* Ethyl Hexanoate,
* Ethyl Isovalerate,
* Ethyl Lactate,
* Ethyl Laurate,
* Ethyl Levulinate,
* Ethyl Maltol,
* Ethyl Methyl Phenylglycidate,
* Ethyl Myristate,
* Ethyl Nonanoate,
* Ethyl Octadecanoate,
* Ethyl Octanoate,
* Ethyl Oleate,
* Ethyl Palmitate,
* Ethyl Phenylacetate,
* Ethyl Propionate,
* Ethyl Salicylate,
* Ethyl trans-2-Butenoate,
* Ethyl Valerate,
* Ethyl Vanillin,
* 2-Ethyl (or Methyl)-(3,5 and 6)-Methoxypyrazine,
* 2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol, 3-Ethyl -2 -Hydroxy-2-Cyclopenten-1-One,
* 2-Ethyl-3, (5 or 6)-Dimethylpyrazine,
* 5-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2(5H)-Furanone,
* 2-Ethyl-3-Methylpyrazine,
* 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde,
* 4-Ethylguaiacol,
* para-Ethylphenol,
* 3-Ethylpyridine,
* Eucalyptol,
* Farnesol,
* D-Fenchone,
* Fennel Sweet Oil,
* Fenugreek, Extract, Resin, and Absolute,
* Fig Juice Concentrate,
* Food Starch Modified,
* Furfuryl Mercaptan,
* 4-(2-Furyl)-3-Buten-2-One,
* Galbanum Oil,
* Genet Absolute,
* Gentian Root Extract,
* Geraniol,
* Geranium Rose Oil,
* Geranyl Acetate,
* Geranyl Butyrate,
* Geranyl Formate,
* Geranyl Isovalerate,
* Geranyl Phenylacetate,
* Ginger Oil and Oleoresin,
* 1-Glutamic Acid,
* 1-Glutamine,
* Glycerol,
* Glycyrrhizin Ammoniated,
* Grape Juice Concentrate,
* Guaiac Wood Oil,
* Guaiacol,
* Guar Gum,
* 2,4-Heptadienal,
* gamma-Heptalactone,
* Heptanoic Acid,
* 2-Heptanone,
* 3-Hepten-2-One,
* 2-Hepten-4-One,
* 4-Heptenal,
* trans -2-Heptenal,
* Heptyl Acetate,
* omega-6-Hexadecenlactone,
* gamma-Hexalactone,
* Hexanal,
* Hexanoic Acid,
* 2-Hexen-1-Ol,
* 3-Hexen-1-Ol,
* cis-3-Hexen-1-Yl Acetate,
* 2-Hexenal,
* 3-Hexenoic Acid,
* trans-2-Hexenoic Acid,
* cis-3-Hexenyl Formate,
* Hexyl 2-Methylbutyrate,
* Hexyl Acetate,
* Hexyl Alcohol,
* Hexyl Phenylacetate,
* 1-Histidine,
* Honey,
* Hops Oil,
* Hydrolyzed Milk Solids,
* Hydrolyzed Plant Proteins,
* 5-Hydroxy-2,4-Decadienoic Acid delta- Lactone,
* 4-Hydroxy-2,5-Dimethyl-3(2H)-Furanone,
* 2-Hydroxy-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-One,
* 4-Hydroxy -3-Pentenoic Acid Lactone,
* 2-Hydroxy-4-Methylbenzaldehyde,
* 4-Hydroxybutanoic Acid Lactone,
* Hydroxycitronellal,
* 6-Hydroxydihydrotheaspirane,
* 4-(para-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Butanone,
* Hyssop Oil,
* Immortelle Absolute and Extract,
* alpha-Ionone,
* beta-Ionone,
* alpha-Irone,
* Isoamyl Acetate,
* Isoamyl Benzoate,
* Isoamyl Butyrate,
* Isoamyl Cinnamate,
* Isoamyl Formate, Isoamyl Hexanoate,
* Isoamyl Isovalerate,
* Isoamyl Octanoate,
* Isoamyl Phenylacetate,
* Isobornyl Acetate,
* Isobutyl Acetate,
* Isobutyl Alcohol,
* Isobutyl Cinnamate,
* Isobutyl Phenylacetate,
* Isobutyl Salicylate,
* 2-Isobutyl-3-Methoxypyrazine,
* alpha-Isobutylphenethyl Alcohol,
* Isobutyraldehyde,
* Isobutyric Acid,
* d,l-Isoleucine,
* alpha-Isomethylionone,
* 2-Isopropylphenol,
* Isovaleric Acid,
* Jasmine Absolute, Concrete and Oil,
* Kola Nut Extract,
* Labdanum Absolute and Oleoresin,
* Lactic Acid,
* Lauric Acid,
* Lauric Aldehyde,
* Lavandin Oil,
* Lavender Oil,
* Lemon Oil and Extract,
* Lemongrass Oil,
* 1-Leucine,
* Levulinic Acid,
* Licorice Root, Fluid, Extract and Powder,
* Lime Oil ,
* Linalool,
* Linalool Oxide,
* Linalyl Acetate,
* Linden Flowers,
* Lovage Oil And Extract,
* 1-Lysine,
* Mace Powder, Extract and Oil ,
* Magnesium Carbonate,
* Malic Acid,
* Malt and Malt Extract,
* Maltodextrin,
* Maltol,
* Maltyl Isobutyrate,
* Mandarin Oil,
* Maple Syrup and Concentrate,
* Mate Leaf, Absolute and Oil,
* para-Mentha-8-Thiol-3-One,
* Menthol,
* Menthone,
* Menthyl Acetate,
* dl-Methionine,
* Methoprene,
* 2-Methoxy-4-Methylphenol,
* 2-Methoxy-4-Vinylphenol,
* para-Methoxybenzaldehyde,
* 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-1-Penten-3-One,
* 4-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Butanone,
* 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Propanone,
* Methoxypyrazine,
* Methyl 2-Furoate,
* Methyl 2-Octynoate,
* Methyl 2-Pyrrolyl Ketone,
* Methyl Anisate,
* Methyl Anthranilate,
* Methyl Benzoate,
* Methyl Cinnamate,
* Methyl Dihydrojasmonate,
* Methyl Ester of Rosin, Partially Hydrogenated,
* Methyl Isovalerate,
* Methyl Linoleate (48%),
* Methyl Linolenate (52%) Mixture,
* Methyl Naphthyl Ketone,
* Methyl Nicotinate,
* Methyl Phenylacetate,
* Methyl Salicylate,
* Methyl Sulfide,
* 3-Methyl-1-Cyclopentadecanone,
* 4-Methyl-1-Phenyl-2-Pentanone,
* 5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2-Hexenal,
* 5-Methyl-2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde,
* 6-Methyl-3,-5-Heptadien-2-One,
* 2-Methyl-3-(para-Isopropylphenyl) Propionaldehyde,
* 5-Methyl-3-Hexen-2-One,
* 1-Methyl-3Methoxy-4-Isopropylbenzene,
* 4-Methyl-3-Pentene-2-One,
* 2-Methyl-4-Phenylbutyraldehyde,
* 6-Methyl-5-Hepten-2-One,
* 4-Methyl-5-Thiazoleethanol,
* 4-Methyl-5-Vinylthiazole,
* Methyl-alpha-Ionone,
* Methyl-trans-2-Butenoic Acid,
* 4-Methylacetophenone,
* para-Methylanisole,
* alpha-Methylbenzyl Acetate,
* alpha-Methylbenzyl Alcohol,
* 2-Methylbutyraldehyde,
* 3-Methylbutyraldehyde,
* 2-Methylbutyric Acid,
* alpha-Methylcinnamaldehyde,
* Methylcyclopentenolone,
* 2-Methylheptanoic Acid,
* 2-Methylhexanoic Acid,
* 3-Methylpentanoic Acid,
* 4-Methylpentanoic Acid,
* 2-Methylpyrazine,
* 5-Methylquinoxaline,
* 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran-3-One,
* (Methylthio)Methylpyrazine (Mixture Of Isomers),
* 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde,
* Methyl 3-Methylthiopropionate,
* 2-Methylvaleric Acid,
* Mimosa Absolute and Extract,
* Molasses Extract and Tincture,
* Mountain Maple Solid Extract,
* Mullein Flowers,
* Myristaldehyde,
* Myristic Acid,
* Myrrh Oil,
* beta-Napthyl Ethyl Ether,
* Nerol,
* Neroli Bigarde Oil,
* Nerolidol,
* Nona-2-trans,6-cis-Dienal,
* 2,6-Nonadien-1-Ol,
* gamma-Nonalactone,
* Nonanal,
* Nonanoic Acid,
* Nonanone,
* trans-2-Nonen-1-Ol,
* 2-Nonenal,
* Nonyl Acetate,
* Nutmeg Powder and Oil,
* Oak Chips Extract and Oil,
* Oak Moss Absolute,
* 9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid (48%) And 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid (52%),
* delta-Octalactone,
* gamma-Octalactone,
* Octanal,
* Octanoic Acid,
* 1-Octanol,
* 2-Octanone,
* 3-Octen-2-One,
* 1-Octen-3-Ol,
* 1-Octen-3-Yl Acetate,
* 2-Octenal,
* Octyl Isobutyrate,
* Oleic Acid ,
* Olibanum Oil,
* Opoponax Oil And Gum,
* Orange Blossoms Water, Absolute, and Leaf Absolute,
* Orange Oil and Extract,
* Origanum Oil,
* Orris Concrete Oil and Root Extract,
* Palmarosa Oil,
* Palmitic Acid,
* Parsley Seed Oil,
* Patchouli Oil,
* omega-Pentadecalactone,
* 2,3-Pentanedione,
* 2-Pentanone,
* 4-Pentenoic Acid,
* 2-Pentylpyridine,
* Pepper Oil, Black And White,
* Peppermint Oil,
* Peruvian (Bois De Rose) Oil,
* Petitgrain Absolute, Mandarin Oil and Terpeneless Oil,
* alpha-Phellandrene,
* 2-Phenenthyl Acetate,
* Phenenthyl Alcohol,
* Phenethyl Butyrate,
* Phenethyl Cinnamate,
* Phenethyl Isobutyrate,
* Phenethyl Isovalerate,
* Phenethyl Phenylacetate,
* Phenethyl Salicylate,
* 1-Phenyl-1-Propanol,
* 3-Phenyl-1-Propanol,
* 2-Phenyl-2-Butenal,
* 4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-Ol,
* 4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-One,
* Phenylacetaldehyde,
* Phenylacetic Acid,
* 1-Phenylalanine,
* 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde,
* 3-Phenylpropionic Acid,
* 3-Phenylpropyl Acetate,
* 3-Phenylpropyl Cinnamate,
* 2-(3-Phenylpropyl)Tetrahydrofuran,
* Phosphoric Acid,
* Pimenta Leaf Oil,
* Pine Needle Oil, Pine Oil, Scotch,
* Pineapple Juice Concentrate,
* alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene,
* D-Piperitone,
* Piperonal,
* Pipsissewa Leaf Extract,
* Plum Juice,
* Potassium Sorbate,
* 1-Proline,
* Propenylguaethol,
* Propionic Acid,
* Propyl Acetate,
* Propyl para-Hydroxybenzoate,
* Propylene Glycol,
* 3-Propylidenephthalide,
* Prune Juice and Concentrate,
* Pyridine,
* Pyroligneous Acid And Extract,
* Pyrrole,
* Pyruvic Acid,
* Raisin Juice Concentrate,
* Rhodinol,
* Rose Absolute and Oil,
* Rosemary Oil,
* Rum,
* Rum Ether,
* Rye Extract,
* Sage, Sage Oil, and Sage Oleoresin,
* Salicylaldehyde,
* Sandalwood Oil, Yellow,
* Sclareolide,
* Skatole,
* Smoke Flavor,
* Snakeroot Oil,
* Sodium Acetate,
* Sodium Benzoate,
* Sodium Bicarbonate,
* Sodium Carbonate,
* Sodium Chloride,
* Sodium Citrate,
* Sodium Hydroxide,
* Solanone,
* Spearmint Oil,
* Styrax Extract, Gum and Oil,
* Sucrose Octaacetate,
* Sugar Alcohols,
* Sugars,
* Tagetes Oil,
* Tannic Acid,
* Tartaric Acid,
* Tea Leaf and Absolute,
* alpha-Terpineol,
* Terpinolene,
* Terpinyl Acetate,
* 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline,
* 1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-Oxatricyclo(8.3.0.0(4,9))Tridecane,
* 2,3,4,5, and 3,4,5,6-Tetramethylethyl-Cyclohexanone,
* 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine,
* Thiamine Hydrochloride,
* Thiazole,
* 1-Threonine,
* Thyme Oil, White and Red,
* Thymol,
* Tobacco Extracts,
* Tochopherols (mixed),
* Tolu Balsam Gum and Extract,
* Tolualdehydes,
* para-Tolyl 3-Methylbutyrate,
* para-Tolyl Acetaldehyde,
* para-Tolyl Acetate,
* para-Tolyl Isobutyrate,
* para-Tolyl Phenylacetate,
* Triacetin,
* 2-Tridecanone,
* 2-Tridecenal,
* Triethyl Citrate,
* 3,5,5-Trimethyl -1-Hexanol,
* para,alpha,alpha-Trimethylbenzyl Alcohol,
* 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-Enyl)But-2-En-4-One,
* 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-Ene-1,4-Dione,
* 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-Dienyl Methan,
* 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-Dienyl)But-2-En-4-One,
* 2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone,
* 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine,
* 1-Tyrosine,
* delta-Undercalactone,
* gamma-Undecalactone,
* Undecanal,
* 2-Undecanone, 1
* 0-Undecenal,
* Urea,
* Valencene,
* Valeraldehyde,
* Valerian Root Extract, Oil and Powder,
* Valeric Acid,
* gamma-Valerolactone,
* Valine,
* Vanilla Extract And Oleoresin,
* Vanillin,
* Veratraldehyde,
* Vetiver Oil,
* Vinegar,
* Violet Leaf Absolute,
* Walnut Hull Extract,
* Water,
* Wheat Extract And Flour,
* Wild Cherry Bark Extract,
* Wine and Wine Sherry,
* Xanthan Gum,
* 3,4-Xylenol,
* Yeast
